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What Is a Firearms Identification Card?
Apr
What Is a Firearms Identification Card?
In Massachusetts, trying to buy a rifle or shotgun without an FID card will get you turned away at the counter. This state-issued permit isn’t just paperwork—it’s your legal gateway to firearm ownership, and getting one requires clearing background checks, fingerprinting, and mandatory safety training. Here’s what every gun owner needs to know.
FID Card Basics: More Than Just a Permit
A Firearms Identification Card (FID) is a Massachusetts-specific requirement for purchasing or possessing non-large-capacity rifles and shotguns. Unlike a License to Carry (LTC), which covers handguns, the FID restricts you to long guns with magazines holding 10 rounds or less. The application process involves submitting fingerprints to the state police, passing a background check, and completing a certified firearm safety course—expect the whole process to take 6-8 weeks minimum.
Who Needs an FID Card in Massachusetts?
Massachusetts residents aged 15+ need an FID card to purchase or possess firearms, including private sales and inheritances. Minors (15-17) can obtain a restricted FID for hunting and competition use only. The law makes no exceptions—even antique firearms require an FID unless permanently disabled. Out-of-state visitors can transport guns through MA but can’t purchase firearms without a Massachusetts FID or LTC.
The Application Process: Step by Step
Start by taking a Mass State Police-approved basic firearm safety course ($100-$150). Then submit your application through your local police department with two passport photos, proof of training, and a $100 fee. The police chief has 40 days to approve or deny your application. Denials often stem from misdemeanor convictions, restraining orders, or mental health commitments—all reviewed under strict state guidelines.
FID vs. LTC: Know the Difference
While an FID card allows possession of rifles and shotguns, a Massachusetts License to Carry (LTC) is required for handguns and “large capacity” firearms (those accepting more than 10 rounds). LTC applications face stricter scrutiny—some towns impose additional requirements beyond state law. At Glockfrt, we recommend applying for an LTC if you plan to own multiple firearm types, as it covers all FID privileges plus handguns.
Maintaining Your FID Card
Massachusetts FID cards expire every 6 years on your birthday. Renewals require the same paperwork as initial applications but don’t always mandate retaking the safety course. If you move, you must notify the state within 30 days. Lost or stolen cards need immediate reporting to both local police and the Firearms Records Bureau—replacement fees run $25.
FAQ
What is a firearms identification card?
A Firearms Identification Card (FID) is a state-issued permit required in some states like Massachusetts to purchase or possess rifles and shotguns. It verifies the holder has passed background checks and completed safety training.
What is a firearms identification card in Massachusetts?
In MA, an FID card specifically allows possession of non-large-capacity long guns (10+ round capacity requires an LTC). It’s issued by local police after fingerprinting, background checks, and safety course completion.
What is a firearms owner identification card?
FOID cards are Illinois’ equivalent to Massachusetts’ FID system. Both serve similar purposes but have different application processes—Illinois requires a $10 fee and doesn’t mandate in-person training.
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Last updated: April 28, 2026
